Expression Relief, Pain and Pleasure

Relief

 

Pain

This expression show that I had a headache

 

Pleasure

 

Expression Satisfaction and Dissatisfaction

Satisfaction

This expression show that I was satisfied with my charter

 Dissatisfaction


This expression show that I am dissatisfaction with my test score

So, Too, Either, Neither

So,  Too, Either, Neither

a.       So and too are used to combine two positive statements with identical predicates to form a compound sentence.

So: So + Auxiliary verb + Subject (pronoun)

Example: -They went to the concert last night.         They went to the concert last night     

                  Indri went to the concert last night.         and so did Indri.

               - I go to Brazil in this summer.               I go to Brazil in this summer and so   

                  Mother go to Brazil in this summer.    does Mother.

Too: Subject + Auxiliary verb + Too

Example: -Stephanie has a new boyfriend.        Stephanie has a new boyfriend and     

                  Mary has a new boyfriend                 Mary has too.

                 - My brother has eaten big burger.      My brother has eaten big burger and

                    I have eaten big burger.                     I have too.

b.      Either and neither are used to combine two negative statements with identical predicates to form a compound sentence.

Either: Subject + Auxiliary verb + not + Either

Example: - You shouldn't talk in the movie.         You shouldn’t talk in the movie and

                    Uncle shouldn’t talk in the movie.      uncle shouldn’t either.

                 -Jill didn’t go to the cinema yesterday.    Jill didn’t go to the cinema

                   I didn’t go to the cinema yesterday.        yesterday and I did not either.

Neither: Neither + Auxiliary verb + Subject

Example: -They don't go to French this week.      They don’t go to French this week

                   I don’t go to French this week             and neither do I.

                - Arman and Irma haven't finished their meal.    Arman and Irma haven’t

                   Sinta hasn’t finished her meal.                         finished their meal and

                                                                                             neither has Sinta

      Problem: In this material there is a problem in distinguish the usage between so and too and also between either and neither.

Short Report and Memos

Definition of a Memo


The word memorandum (commonly abbreviated to memo) is derived from the Middle English word 'memorandus' meaning 'to be remembered'. The following link provides access to a short, but highly effective, free training presentation on letter writing which will also help in your work:

How to write a Memo - Format & Template

Sample Memo Format / Template TO: FROM: DATE: SUBJECT: First Sentence: Reason for the communication Second Sentence - Main Body: Any Instructions or information Closing Sentence What is required of the reader e.g. Confirmation, answers or feedback

SHORT REPORTS

PURPOSE:

When a brief written communication is necessary and can do the job for the reader.

v For example, a weekly or monthly financial or production report can be handled by a Short Report.

v Or, a proposal for a simple project or improvement on a process can be written up in a Short Report.

WHAT IS THE FORM?

Can be written as a Letter or as a Memo.  

§  Memo when it is written within your department or company. (Sometimes a letter is OK here.)

§  Letter when it is written for outside your company.

HOW MANY PAGES?  

Short Reports are usually one page (two pages maximum).  

However, attachments can be several pages.

WHAT ARE THE PARTS?

There are usually 4 parts.

1) Summary

2) Background (which is optional and not always necessary)

3) Body (main contents)  The content may even include a simple, small chart or diagram (if it contains lots of information, is complex or several pages, then include it in the “attachments” section). When you use HEADINGS and a list  . . . remember that after each heading it is more effective to write a short sentence or phrase to INTRODUCE the list.  See the example here.

4) Recommendation or Conclusion (use either one, depending on the subject/purpose of your report).

SEE FORMAT BELOW

SHORT REPORT FORMAT (memo)

Lined up straight on left; colons are next towords.

  

Memorandum                                                                             very important!

 

DATE:

TO:

FROM: (with signature)

SUBJECT:  

Notice:

body text is

singlespaced

Attachments:  (name what it is and how many pages – if you have them)

cc: (include the names and titles of the people to get a copy – if you are sending them)

page 1 of ___ (if more than 1 page.  If only 1 page, this is not needed)

SUMMARY

Summarize the report information without giving the details.  Write the problem briefly, for example, but not all the details, and give the way you will solve it, and what the benefits would be.

BACKGROUND (sometimes you did not need this.  Use it only if you must explain the history)

Write the history of the project, idea, proposal, etc.  Write the problem, past solutions and who was involved in them, so the reader or member of the department can know what is going on now (and what happened before).  This part is to give the reader “the background.”

BODY (Do not write the word “BODY.”  You will write some descriptive word or words for this section for the headling, according to your topic/subject/contents/main idea.)

RECOMMENDATION or CONCLUSION  (choose 1, based on your purpose)

You will choose either one, depending on the subject of your report. [There is a special case when you use both.  I will explain in class.]

Recommendations are given when you are asked to provide your opinion about a problem or issue.  This is your suggestion of WHAT SHOULD BE DONE.

Conclusions are given when you are asked to study a problem, find out the facts and then report about what happened – you DO NOT SUGGEST WHAT SHOULD BE DONE TO SOLVE THE ISSUE.